Industry Description
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) smelting ores into nonferrous metals and/or (2) the primary refining of nonferrous metals (except aluminum) by electrolytic methods or other processes.
Cross-References. Establishments primarily engaged in--
Business Examples
Common types of business activities within NAICS 331410 - Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining are:
- Copper concentrate refining
- Cadmium refining, primary
- Zinc refining, primary
- Nonferrous metals (except aluminum) smelting and refining, primary
- Copper alloys made in primary copper smelting and refining mills
- Tantalum refining, primary
- Zirconium refining, primary
- Gold refining, primary
- Beryllium refining, primary
- Gold bullion or dore bar produced at primary metal refineries
- Tin refining, primary
- Germanium refining, primary
- Platinum refining, primary
- Lead smelting and refining, primary
- Ingot, primary, nonferrous metals (except aluminum), manufacturing
- Magnesium refining, primary
- Nonferrous metals (except aluminum) made in primary nonferrous metal smelting and refining mills
- Bars made in primary copper smelting and refining mills
- Copper smelting and refining, primary
- Precious metals refining, primary
- Primary smelting of nonferrous metals (except aluminum)
- Cobalt refining, primary
- Nickel refining, primary
- Bismuth refining, primary
- Primary smelting of copper
- Niobium refining, primary
- Refining copper, primary
- Silver bullion or dore bar produced at primary metal refineries
- Tellurium refining, primary
- Selenium refining, primary
- Copper shapes (e.g., bar, billet, ingot, plate, sheet) made in primary copper smelting and refining mills
- Chromium refining, primary
- Silver refining, primary
- Uranium refining, primary
- Slab, nonferrous metals (except aluminum) primary
- Blister copper manufacturing
- Nonferrous metal (except aluminum) shapes made in primary nonferrous metal smelting and refining mills
- Primary refining of copper
- Titanium refining, primary
- Rhenium refining, primary
- Iridium refining, primary
- Smelting of nonferrous metals (except aluminum), primary
- Antimony refining, primary
- Primary refining of nonferrous metals (except aluminum)
- Tin base alloys made in primary tin smelting and refining mills
- Refining nonferrous metals and alloys (except aluminum), primary
IBISWorld Industry Research Report
Nonferrous Metal Refining in the US (33141)
Revenue 2025
$13.8bn
Growth 2025
0.81%
Key Trends
The industry is performing well amid the pandemic recovery, which can be attributable to rising copper and nonferrous metal prices
Despite volatility, increased copper prices have benefited refiners
Overall demand refined metal is expected to rise along with renewed construction and manufacturing activity
Products and Services
Similar Industries
For some business types, there may be a similar industry to 331410 - Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining that is a better classification match. Establishments primarily engaged in:
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NAICS Cross Reference
Mining and making copper and other nonferrous concentrates (including gold and silver bullion), by processes, such as solvent extraction or electrowinning--are classified in Industry Group 2122, Metal Ore Mining;
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NAICS Cross Reference
Making aluminum from alumina--are classified in U.S. Industry 331313, Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Production;
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NAICS Cross Reference
Recovering copper or copper alloys from scrap or dross and/or alloying, rolling, drawing, and extruding purchased copper--are classified in Industry 331420, Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying;
IBISWorld industry research report
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NAICS Cross Reference
Rolling, drawing, and/or extruding nonferrous metal shapes (except copper and aluminum) from purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) or by recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) and rolling, drawing, or extruding--are classified in U.S. Industry 331491, Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, and Extruding;
IBISWorld industry research report
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NAICS Cross Reference
Recovering nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum) from scrap and making primary forms and/or alloying purchased nonferrous metals (except copper and aluminum)--are classified in U.S. Industry 331492, Secondary Smelting, Refining, and Alloying of Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum);
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NAICS Cross Reference
Sorting, breaking up, and wholesaling scrap metal without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 423930, Recyclable Material Merchant Wholesalers.
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NAICS Cross Reference
Operating facilities where commingled recyclable materials, such as paper, plastics, used beverage cans, and metals, are sorted into distinct categories without also smelting or refining--are classified in Industry 562920, Materials Recovery Facilities; and
IBISWorld industry research report
NAICS Hierarchy 331410 - Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining
NAICS Code 331410 - Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sits in the 2-digit Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining sector. NAICS codes can be 2- to 6-digits and the further along the hierarchy, the more detailed and specific the category will be. Learn more about the structure of NAICS codes
2 Digits: 31-33
Sector Title: Manufacturing
3 Digits 4 Digits 5 Digits 6 Digits
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3311 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing
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33111 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing
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3312 Steel Product Manufacturing from Purchased Steel
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33121 Iron and Steel Pipe and Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel
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33122 Rolling and Drawing of Purchased Steel
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3313 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing
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33131 Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing
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3314 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Production and Processing
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33141 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining
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33142 Copper Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying
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33149 Nonferrous Metal (except Copper and Aluminum) Rolling, Drawing, Extruding, and Alloying
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3315 Foundries
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33151 Ferrous Metal Foundries
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33152 Nonferrous Metal Foundries
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3321 Forging and Stamping
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3322 Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing
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33221 Cutlery and Handtool Manufacturing
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3323 Architectural and Structural Metals Manufacturing
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33231 Plate Work and Fabricated Structural Product Manufacturing
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33232 Ornamental and Architectural Metal Products Manufacturing
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3324 Boiler, Tank, and Shipping Container Manufacturing
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33241 Power Boiler and Heat Exchanger Manufacturing
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33242 Metal Tank (Heavy Gauge) Manufacturing
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33243 Metal Can, Box, and Other Metal Container (Light Gauge) Manufacturing
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3325 Hardware Manufacturing
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33251 Hardware Manufacturing
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3326 Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing
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33261 Spring and Wire Product Manufacturing
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3327 Machine Shops; Turned Product; and Screw, Nut, and Bolt Manufacturing
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33271 Machine Shops
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33272 Turned Product and Screw, Nut, and Bolt Manufacturing
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3328 Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities
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33281 Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities
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3329 Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
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33291 Metal Valve Manufacturing
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33299 All Other Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
- 332991 Ball and Roller Bearing Manufacturing
- 332992 Small Arms Ammunition Manufacturing
- 332993 Ammunition (except Small Arms) Manufacturing
- 332994 Small Arms, Ordnance, and Ordnance Accessories Manufacturing
- 332996 Fabricated Pipe and Pipe Fitting Manufacturing
- 332999 All Other Miscellaneous Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
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3331 Agriculture, Construction, and Mining Machinery Manufacturing
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33311 Agricultural Implement Manufacturing
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33312 Construction Machinery Manufacturing
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33313 Mining and Oil and Gas Field Machinery Manufacturing
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3332 Industrial Machinery Manufacturing
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3333 Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing
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33331 Commercial and Service Industry Machinery Manufacturing
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3334 Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing
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33341 Ventilation, Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Commercial Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturing
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3335 Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing
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33351 Metalworking Machinery Manufacturing
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3336 Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing
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33361 Engine, Turbine, and Power Transmission Equipment Manufacturing
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3339 Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing
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33391 Pump and Compressor Manufacturing
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33392 Material Handling Equipment Manufacturing
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33399 All Other General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing
- 333991 Power-Driven Handtool Manufacturing
- 333992 Welding and Soldering Equipment Manufacturing
- 333993 Packaging Machinery Manufacturing
- 333994 Industrial Process Furnace and Oven Manufacturing
- 333995 Fluid Power Cylinder and Actuator Manufacturing
- 333996 Fluid Power Pump and Motor Manufacturing
- 333997 Scale and Balance Manufacturing
- 333999 All Other Miscellaneous General Purpose Machinery Manufacturing
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3341 Computer and Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing
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33411 Computer and Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing
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3342 Communications Equipment Manufacturing
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33421 Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing
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33422 Radio and Television Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing
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33429 Other Communications Equipment Manufacturing
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3343 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing
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33431 Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing
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3344 Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing
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33441 Semiconductor and Other Electronic Component Manufacturing
- 334412 Bare Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing
- 334413 Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing
- 334416 Capacitor, Resistor, Coil, Transformer, and Other Inductor Manufacturing
- 334417 Electronic Connector Manufacturing
- 334418 Printed Circuit Assembly (Electronic Assembly) Manufacturing
- 334419 Other Electronic Component Manufacturing
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3345 Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing
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33451 Navigational, Measuring, Electromedical, and Control Instruments Manufacturing
- 334510 Electromedical and Electrotherapeutic Apparatus Manufacturing
- 334511 Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and Instrument Manufacturing
- 334512 Automatic Environmental Control Manufacturing for Residential, Commercial, and Appliance Use
- 334513 Instruments and Related Products Manufacturing for Measuring, Displaying, and Controlling Industrial Process Variables
- 334514 Totalizing Fluid Meter and Counting Device Manufacturing
- 334515 Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals
- 334516 Analytical Laboratory Instrument Manufacturing
- 334517 Irradiation Apparatus Manufacturing
- 334519 Other Measuring and Controlling Device Manufacturing
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3346 Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media
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33461 Manufacturing and Reproducing Magnetic and Optical Media
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3351 Electric Lighting Equipment Manufacturing
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33511 Electric Lamp Bulb and Part Manufacturing
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33512 Lighting Fixture Manufacturing
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3352 Household Appliance Manufacturing
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33521 Small Electrical Appliance Manufacturing
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33522 Major Household Appliance Manufacturing
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3353 Electrical Equipment Manufacturing
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3359 Other Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing
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33591 Battery Manufacturing
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33592 Communication and Energy Wire and Cable Manufacturing
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33593 Wiring Device Manufacturing
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33599 All Other Electrical Equipment and Component Manufacturing
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3361 Motor Vehicle Manufacturing
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33611 Automobile and Light Duty Motor Vehicle Manufacturing
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33612 Heavy Duty Truck Manufacturing
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3362 Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing
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33621 Motor Vehicle Body and Trailer Manufacturing
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3363 Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing
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33631 Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing
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33632 Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Manufacturing
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33633 Motor Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components (except Spring) Manufacturing
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33634 Motor Vehicle Brake System Manufacturing
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33635 Motor Vehicle Transmission and Power Train Parts Manufacturing
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33636 Motor Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim Manufacturing
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33637 Motor Vehicle Metal Stamping
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33639 Other Motor Vehicle Parts Manufacturing
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3364 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing
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33641 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing
- 336411 Aircraft Manufacturing
- 336412 Aircraft Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing
- 336413 Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing
- 336414 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing
- 336415 Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Propulsion Unit and Propulsion Unit Parts Manufacturing
- 336419 Other Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing
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3365 Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing
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33651 Railroad Rolling Stock Manufacturing
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3366 Ship and Boat Building
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33661 Ship and Boat Building
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3369 Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
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33699 Other Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
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3371 Household and Institutional Furniture and Kitchen Cabinet Manufacturing
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33711 Wood Kitchen Cabinet and Countertop Manufacturing
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33712 Household and Institutional Furniture Manufacturing
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3372 Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing
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33721 Office Furniture (including Fixtures) Manufacturing
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3379 Other Furniture Related Product Manufacturing
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33791 Mattress Manufacturing
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33792 Blind and Shade Manufacturing
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3391 Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing
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33911 Medical Equipment and Supplies Manufacturing
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3399 Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing
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33991 Jewelry and Silverware Manufacturing
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33992 Sporting and Athletic Goods Manufacturing
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33993 Doll, Toy, and Game Manufacturing
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33994 Office Supplies (except Paper) Manufacturing
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33995 Sign Manufacturing
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33999 All Other Miscellaneous Manufacturing
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Similar Industries Niche and Emerging
IBISWorld provides research on hundreds of niche and emerging industries, including the following for 331410 - Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining.
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